could you please explain for me that seasons need “the” before them or not?
When talking in general about a season, “the” is not normally required: “Spring is my favourite time of year.”
When talking about a specific instance, “the” can (and sometimes must) be used: “That was the summer we went to Italy.”
However, there are lots of instances when “the” may be inserted or omitted with apparently no difference in meaning: “Prices are highest in summer” / “Prices are highest in the summer”.
Probably there are other special idiomatic situations that would need individual consideration.