one of my wife's relatives'

  1. I had dinner at one of my wife’s relative’s (house) yesterday.
  2. I had dinner at one of my wife’s relatives’ (house) yesterday.
    Which one is correct?
    Thanks.

As you are using ‘one of’ then the singular
relative’s
is correct.
Do not include the word ‘house’ in that particular sentence. I suspect you only put it there to explain what you meant. You would need to say
I had dinner at one of my wife’s relative’s houses… which is really ambiguous and makes it sound as if there are a number of houses.

It would be better to say:
I had dinner at my wife’s relative’s house last night. (singular relative)
I had dinner at my wife’s relatives’ house last night. (plural relative)
or, if location is not important, even more simply:
I had dinner with my wife’s relative(s) last night.

Beeesneees,
“I had dinner at one of my brothers’ yesterday.”
Is this sentence correct?
Thanks.

It’s passable but once again it would be more clear if you said:
I had dinner at my brother’s house.
even though you may have other brothers.