What to choose?

Rotation refers to the turning of the Earth ________ to the movement around the Sun.
A. besides revolution B. revolution refers
C. and revolution D. while revolution referring

It appears to be no correct answer.

It’s not a very good exercise question.
I suspect the right answer is expected to be ©
Rotation refers to the turning of the Earth and revolution to the movement around the Sun.
However, for that to work, the punctuation needs adjustment:
‘Rotation’ refers to the turning of the Earth and ‘revolution’ (refers) to the movement around the Sun. (Here the second ‘refers’ is assumed - I’ve included it where it would be)

Providing changes are made to the punctuation, the other possibility would be:
Rotation refers to the turning of the Earth. Revolution refers to the movement around the Sun.
This partitioning into two sentences makes the whole thing much easier to understand.

I’d say

Earth’s rotation refers to the turning around its axis and revolution refers to Earth’s (its) movement around the Sun.

Possible?

Thanks

‘Earth’s rotation’ refers to the turning movement around its own axis and ‘Earth’s revolution’ refers to its movement around the Sun.