I’m Phuong, Quang’s sister, would you mind helping me correct the essay about the topic below? Thank you very much.
Topic: Why whales got so big?
Mammals tend to get when they invade the ocean. Seals, sea lions, and sharks tend to create scars and muscles. It can also be said for manatees and dugongs and the whale almost synonymous with bigness. Occasionally, mammal families were swimming and during evolution, they grew in size. Why?
Most of the explanations for this trend consider the ocean a kind of release. Water partially frees the mammals from the yoke, allowing them to develop heavy bodies that they can’t support on the ground. Water prevents them from binding their territory, giving them large areas to look for food. Water frees them from the small patches of the land diet and gives them a large number of plankton, crustaceans and fish to hit.
However, William Gearty of Stanford University has a very different explanation. To him, the ocean makes large mammals not because it reduces them to the limits, but because it imposes new animals. “When you step into the water, you start losing heat from your body that you do not lose on the ground or in the air,” he explained. In the face of constant heat loss, people use wet clothing, eyebrow whales, and thick feathered otter. "But the simplest way to counter it is to increase it” - Gearty said. As the balloon body grows faster than the surface area, so you will generate more heat in the body but less to less than the skin. But animals can’t become infinitely large because larger bodies also require more fuel. There is only so much food that an animal can find, catch and swallow it appropriately.
These trends do not match the idea of the ocean as a release. Instead, it shows water binding strict. To thrive in it, mammals must be of proper size - large, yes, but not too large and not too small. And Gearty can calculate the boundaries of the Golidlocks area with a set of equations connecting the size of a mammal to the heat it takes to water and the speed at which it can find food. These equations predict the average of 1,100 pounds that marine mammals have evolved and that range is narrow in size.
TOEFL listening discussions: A conversation between a university student and an employee in the student services center