(D) is faulty, because tense agreement requires us to use 'The lecture [color=blue]dealt. Additionally, we have to use the form ‘dealt with’, so for this construction the verb ‘deal’ won’t work, even if we were given the correct past tense choice of ‘dealt’.
As it is, none of the choices work. However, I’d say that if we had the choices available to us, I’d say both “The lecture ranged from…” or “The lecture covered from…” would both be equally acceptable.
Skrej, wouldn’t you say that “covered” is better here with an expressed object, as in “covered the period from x to y”, or “covered all from x to y”? That’s why I’d pick “ranged”.