Present simple, verb "to be" - Subject pronouns

  1. Presentation - Dialogues

Hi, Sylvia! How are you?

I’m fine, thanks. How are you?

I’m very well!


Hi, my name’s Tyler.

Nice to meet you, Tyler. My name’s Sylvia.

It’s nice to meet you too. Sylvia.

Hi, Tyler! How are you?

Oh, I’m OK. How about you?

I’m great, thanks.

What’s your name?

My name is Tyler Saunders. What’s your name?

My name’s Sylvia. It’s nice to meet you, Tyler.

Nice to meet you too. Where are you from?

I’m from China.


Key Vocabulary

I
you
name
meet
thank

what
where
how
be
China

Grammar

  1. Personal Pronouns
    Personal pronouns tell which person or thing we are speaking about.
    The personal pronouns in English are:

Singular

I

You

He

She

It

Plural

We

You

They

  1. Verb “to be”

The verb “be” means to exist.

It is a linking verb, it links a subject and a thing connected with that subject.
The present simple forms of “to be” are as follow:

Singular

I am

You are

He is

She is

It is

Plural

We are

You are

They are

  1. First Sentences

English is a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) language - meaning that sentences are made with the subject first, then the verb, and finally the object. Using the above grammar we can now make basic English sentences, for example:

  • I am a teacher
  • She is happy
  • They are students

Languages like French and Chinese are also SVO languages, but other languages are different. For example, Japanese, Korean and Persian are Subject-Object-Verb languages, so you wouldn’t say “She is happy”, you’d say “She happy is”!

Grammar

  1. Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns tell which person or thing we are speaking about.
The personal pronouns in English are:

Singular

I

You

He

She

It

Plural

We

You

They

The verb “be” means to exist.

It is a linking verb, it links a subject and a thing connected with that subject.
The present simple forms of “to be” are as follow:

Singular

I am

You are

He is

She is

It is

Plural

We are

You are

They are

  1. Present Simple Questions

To make questions you simply invert the subject and the verb.

  • Statement: You are a doctor.
  • Question: Are you a doctor?
  • Statement: They are cats.
  • Question: Are they cats?

Simple Present Question verbs are as follows:

Singular

Am I (a teacher) ?

Are you …?

Is he …?

Is she …?

Is it …?

Plural

Are we …?

Are you …?

Are they …?

  1. Presentation - Dialogues

Hi, let me tell you about my daily routine. First, I get up at 8.00, then I brush my teeth, have a shower, and eat breakfast. I go to work at 8.50, and I start work at 9.30. Then I have lunch at 1.00, and finish work at 5.30. I go to bed at 11.00. That’s my day!

Hi! My name is Sylvia. I come from Korea. I’m 24 years old, I’m tall and I have black hair. I like music and movies. I also like reading books. I play sports and I study English. I’m really happy to meet you!

Tyler, do you have a hobby?

Sure, I read books.

Oh, I like books as well. Do you watch TV?

Yes, I watch TV every day. I like drama and comedy programs.

I like the news. And I go to the gym as well.

Me too! Let’s go together.

That sounds great!


Key Vocabulary

daily routine
first
get up
brush
have
shower
eat
breakfast
go
work
start
lunch
finish
bed
day
come
come from
Korea

black
music
movies
also
read
play
sports
study
hobby
book
watch
TV
drama
comedy
news
gym
let’s
together

  1. Present Simple

The Simple Present is used to make statements about the present time. It is used in the following ways.

  • Permanent facts: These sentences give facts which are always true.
    It is cold in winter. - The sun shines. - Fish live in water.

  • Present facts: These sentences are true now.
    I work at home. - She plays the piano.
    “I work at home” doesn’t mean I am working right now, but it does mean that in my present condition I work at home.

  • Habitual actions: I get up at 8.00. - They come here every day.
    These actions are repeated regularly, so they are considered a present reality and are expressed in the Simple Present.

Here is the verb "to give in the Simple Present:

Singular

I give

You give

He gives

She gives

It gives

Plural

We give

You give

They give

  1. Spelling Rules for the Present Simple

If you look above you’ll see the spelling doesn’t change, except for the third person singular (He, She, It) which adds an “s” to the verb. For example “I eat - He eats”.

Sometimes other spelling rules also apply to He, She and It. All the following verbs add “es” instead of “s”:

The short forms for the negative verb “to be” are as follows:

Verb Endings

Verbs ending in -o add -es

Verbs ending in -s add -es

Verbs ending in -x add -es

Verbs ending in -ch add -es

Verbs ending in -sh add -es


Verbs ending in a consonant and -y often change the -y to -ies:

Verbs such as “buy” have no consonant before the “y”, so you simply add -s
as usual.

Spelling Examples

do - does, go - goes

pass - passes, kiss - kisses

fix - fixes, mix - mixes

match - matches, catch - catches

push - pushes, rush - rushes

try - tries, cry - cries

buy - buys, pay - pays.

Click below for exercises on the Present Simple.

  1. Present Simple

The Simple Present is used to make statements about the present time. It is used in the following ways.

  • Permanent facts: These sentences give facts which are always true.
    It is cold in winter. - The sun shines. - Fish live in water.

  • Present facts: These sentences are true now.
    I work at home. - She plays the piano.
    “I work at home” doesn’t mean I am working right now, but it does mean that in my present condition I work at home.

  • Habitual actions: I get up at 8.00. - They come here every day.
    These actions are repeated regularly, so they are considered a present reality and are expressed in the Simple Present.

Here is the verb "to give in the Simple Present:

Singular

I give

You give

He gives

She gives

It gives

Plural

We give

You give

They give

  1. Spelling Rules for the Present Simple

If you look above you’ll see the spelling doesn’t change, except for the third person singular (He, She, It) which adds an “s” to the verb. For example “I eat - He eats”.

Sometimes other spelling rules also apply to He, She and It. All the following verbs add “es” instead of “s”:

The short forms for the negative verb “to be” are as follows:

Verb Endings

Verbs ending in -o add -es

Verbs ending in -s add -es

Verbs ending in -x add -es

Verbs ending in -ch add -es

Verbs ending in -sh add -es


Verbs ending in a consonant and -y often change the -y to -ies:

Verbs such as “buy” have no consonant before the “y”, so you simply add -s
as usual.

Spelling Examples

do - does, go - goes

pass - passes, kiss - kisses

fix - fixes, mix - mixes

match - matches, catch - catches

push - pushes, rush - rushes

try - tries, cry - cries

buy - buys, pay - pays.

Click below for exercises on the Present Simple.