The artist combined the characters from all his artwork/painting into one single painting. <-- This is incorrect. You have used a singular noun where you need a plural noun. Can you see it?
There is an exhibition about/on Renaissance artwork at the muzuem now. <-- The spelling is ‘museum’.
There is a Renaissance artwork exhibition at the muzuem now. <-- The spelling is ‘museum’.
The muzuem is hosting a special exhibition now. <-- The spelling is ‘museum’.
Many artworks are being exhibited at the museum now. <-- The word ‘art’ is uncountable here, so it would be ‘Much art is…’. There is no plural form in this sense. It becomes plural when you speak about the entire discipline or a branch of the discipline: the arts are important in this University, I am studying fine arts.
The word ‘paintings’ was the problem in the original sentence. You have now corrected that.
I would not choose to use ;‘artwork’ in this particular context, but it should not have the additional s.
I wonder if you really mean ‘characters’ or if you mean ‘characteristics’.
I do not know what other word to use beside character. For instance there a few people in the painting, what do I call them?? Character in the painting? Maybe image in the painting?
“characters” seems all right to me. “figures” would be another term, I believe. (Possibly even “protagonists”?)
But then those don’t seem to work with “combine”. So perhaps “bring together” would make more sense.
These are only some ideas. Wait for Beeesneees’s advice, of course.